Fire Extinguishers
Foam Extinguishers
Overview: Foam extinguishers are most common type of fire extinguisher for Class B fires, but also work on Class A fires as they are water-based.
How foam extinguishers work: As with water extinguishers, foam extinguishers have a cooling effect on the fuel. On burning liquids, the foaming agent creates a barrier between the flame and the fuel, extinguishing the fire.
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Label Colour: Cream
Use for: Organic materials such as Paper and cardboard, Fabrics and textiles, Wood and coal. Plus: Flammable liquids, like paint and petrol
Do not use for:
- Kitchen fires
- Fires involving electrical equipment
- Flammable metals
Types of premises/business who may need Foam extinguishers:
- Buildings constructed of wood or other organic materials
- Premises where there are organic materials to be found such as Offices, Schools, Hospitals, Residential properties, Warehouses
- Buildings where flammable liquids are stored
In fact most buildings need either water or foam extinguishers
Where to locate foam extinguishers:By the exits on a floor where a Class A or Class B fire risk has been identified
Dry Powder Extinguishers
Overview: Standard dry powder extinguishers are also called ‘ABC’ extinguishers because they tackle class A, B and C fires, however they are not recommended for use in enclosed spaces. This is because the powder can be easily inhaled, and also the residue is very difficult to clean up after. ABC powder extinguishers can also be used on some electrical fires. Specialist dry powder extinguishers are used for flammable metals.
How dry powder extinguishers work: Dry powder extinguishers smother fires by forming a barrier between the fuel and the source of oxygen.
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Label Colour: Blue
Use for:Organic materials such as Paper and cardboard, Fabrics and textiles, Wood and coalPlus: Flammable liquids, like paint and petrolPlus: Flammable gases, like liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and acetylenePlus: Fires involving electrical equipment up to 1000v
Specialist dry powder extinguishers are only used on flammable metals, such as titanium and magnesium.
Do not use for:
- Fires involving cooking oil
- Fires involving electrical equipment over 1000v
- or in enclosed spaces, such as offices or residential properties
- Types of premises/business who may need Dry Powder extinguishers:
- Businesses using flammable gases for chemical processes
- Premises where welding and flame cutting takes place
- Garage forecourts
- Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) dispensing plants
- Premises with large, commercial boiler rooms
Where to locate Dry Powder extinguishers:Place dry powder extinguishers near to the source of the fire risk.
Specialist Dry Powder extinguishers – what’s the difference?:Specialist dry powder extinguishers work in the same way as standard dry powder extinguishers but are for use with flammable metals only. There are 2 types of specialist dry powder extinguishers – ‘L2’ which only tackles lithium fires, and ‘M28’, for all other flammable metal fires.
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers
Overview: CO2 extinguishers are predominantly used for electrical fire risks and are usually the main fire extinguisher type provided in computer server rooms. They also put out Class B fires (flammable liquids, such as paint and petroleum).
How CO2 extinguishers work: CO2 extinguishers suffocate fires by displacing the oxygen the fire needs to burn.
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Label Colour: Black
Use for:
- Flammable liquids, like paint and petrol
- Electrical fires
Do not use for:
- Kitchen fires – especially chip-pan fires
- Combustible materials like paper, wood or textiles
- Flammable metals
Types of premises/business who may need CO2 extinguishers:Premises with electrical equipment, such as Offices, Kitchens, Construction sites, Server rooms
All work vehicles should also carry a smaller 2kg CO2 extinguisher.
Where to locate CO2 extinguishers:Place near to the source of the fire risk and/or near the fire exits.
Wet Chemical Extinguishers
Overview: Wet chemical extinguishers are designed for use on Class F fires, involving cooking oils and fats. They can also be used on Class A fires although it is more usual to have a foam or water extinguisher for this type of fire risk.
How wet chemical extinguishers work: Wet chemical extinguishers create a layer of foam on the surface of the burning oil or fat, preventing oxygen from fuelling the fire any further. The spray also has a cooling effect.
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Label Colour: Yellow
Use for:
- Cooking oil/fat fires
- Organic materials such as Paper and cardboard, Fabrics and textiles, Wood and coal
Do not use for:
- Flammable liquid or gas fires
- Electrical fires
- Flammable metals
Types of premises/business who may need wet chemical extinguishers:
- Commercial kitchens
- Canteens
Where to locate wet chemical extinguishers:Place near to the source of the fire risk.
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